Modals and Auxiliary

A. Definition of Modals
     Modals is an auxiliary verb in whichthe consumer is the main verb and has the function to express permission, possibility, or necessity.

B. Types of Modals
     1) Modal Present : will, shall, may, can, must, ought to.
     2) Modal Past : would, should, might, could.
     3) Modal Perfect : should have / ought to have, must have, could have, might have.

C. Examples
     1) Modal Present
          - will : I will help you if you need my help.
          - shall : Shall I go despite the rain?
          - may : She may angry because of our mistake.
          - can : You can eat what you want.
          - must : You must study hard.
          - ought to : It's raining so hard, you ought to bring your umbrella.
     2) Modal Past
          - would : Would you help me lift this bag, please!
          - should : Hendry should be sleeping now.
          - might : She might be sad, because she did not see you last night.
          - could : Could you repeat again, please!
     3) Modal Perfect
          - should have/ought to have : John should have gone to his office this morning.
          - must have: Fini failed for the test. She must not have studied.
          - could have : She could have asked her brother to lift the box.
          - might have : His room was still very dirty. He might have forgotten to clean it.

D. Definition of Auxiliary Verb
     An auxiliary verb is a verb taht adds functional or grammatical meaning to the clause in which it appears, for examples to express tense, aspect, modality, voice, emphasis, etc.

E. Types of Auxiliary Verb
     1) Auxiliary Verb Be (To Be) : am, is, are, was, were, been.
     2) Auxiliary Verb Have : have, has, had.
     3) Auxiliary Verb Do : do, does, did.

F. Examples
     1) Auxiliary Verb Be ( To Be)
         - am : I am buying a coffe.
         - is : he is buying a coffe.
         - are : They are buying a coffe.
         - was : I was buying a coffe.
         - were : You were buying a coffe.
         - been : They have been buying a coffe.
     2) Auxiliary Verb Have
         - have : I have watched this movie.
         - has : He has been watched this movie.
         - had : She had watched this movie.
     3) Auxiliary Verb Do
         - do : I do not play a football game.
         - does : He does not play a football game.
         - did : We did prepare our homework.